Charles Chaplin

Director, Actor, Author, Composer, Producer - Great Britain
Born April 16, 1889 in Brixton / London
Died December 25, 1977 in Vevey

Mini-Biography:
Charles Chaplin was born on April 16, 1889 in Brixton / London. He was an English Director, Actor, Author, Composer, Producer, known for MGM's big parade of Comedy (1963), A King in New York (1957), City Lights (1931), Charles Chaplin's first movie on record is from 0. Charles Chaplin died on December 25, 1977 in Vevey. His last motion picture on file dates from 2008.
Biographical Notes in German: Für Generationen war der kleine Mann mit dem schwarzen Hut, dem kleinen Schnurrbart und den Spazierstock schlichtweg d i e erste Begegnung mit dem Kino - in den kleinen Filmtheatern der Vorstädte, später an den Sonntagsnachmittagen am elterlichen Fernsehapparat und dann in den ersten eigenen Videofilmen, die man zum 10. Geburtstag vom Patenonkel geschenkt bekam. Charlie Chaplin als lustiger Filmclown, dessen kurze schwarzweiss Abenteuer immer mit einem melancholischen Touch zu enden pflegten.

Am 16. April 1889 kam Charles Chaplin in London als Sohn eines exzentrischen Komikers zur Welt. Bereits mit fünf Jahren hat er seinen ersten Auftritt an der Seite seines Vaters, der aber kurz danach stirbt. In zahlreichen kleinen Engagements schlägt sich Chaplin durch, 1910 macht er auch mit der Truppe von Fred Karno seine erste Tournee durch die USA. 1913 kommt Chaplin auch nach Hollywood und erhält dort von dem "King of Comedy" Mack Sennett ein ersten Vertrag für die Keystone Film Corporation. Bereits in seinem zweiten Film "Kid Auto races at Venice" hat Chaplin sein Kostüm gefunden, das ihn als Charlie "the tramp" unsterblich machen wird, Schlabberhosen, Schuhe, Melone, Schnurrbart und Stöckchen, dann der unnachahmliche Watschelgang und seine unglaubliche Körperberrschung. Trotz der 35 bei Mack Sennett gedrehten Filme kommt es inmer wieder zu Spannungen zwischen den beiden, die ein so ganz unterschiedliches Verständnis für die Komödie und das Komische haben.

1915 schliesst Chaplin einen Vetrag für die Essanay ab und dreht für diese Produktion 14 Filme. Im Februar lernt er Edna Purviance kennen und macht sie zu seiner jahrelangen Partnerin.

1916-17 hat Chaplin einen Vertrag mit der Mutual, für die er insgesamt 12 Filme dreht. Seine Filme sind nun bereits wesentlich aufwendiger geworden, sie sind alle sorgfältiger geplant und ausgeführt und nicht mehr, wie die meisten früheren Komödien, dem Zufall überlassen. Jetzt entwickelt Chaplin auch stärker die Figur des Tramp, jenes uneigennützen Vagabunden, der nach einer zarten Romanze mit seiner Hauptdarstellerin (meist Edna Purviance) zurückbleibt und allein wieder in die Ferne zurückkehrt. Im Juni 1917 schliesst Chaplin den Vertrag mit der First National, der ihm im Wesentlichen eine 50% Gewinnbeteiligung an seinen Filmen und das alleinige Eigentum an seinen (folgenden) Produktionen einräumte. Filme wie "A Dog's Life" und "Shoulder Arms" entstanden, aber auch sein erster Langspielfilm "The Kid", der den kleinen Jackie Coogan zum Kinderstar der 20er Jahre machen sollte.

1918 heiratet Chaplin die erst 15-jährige Schauspielerin Mildred Harris, von der er sich 1920 wieder scheiden lässt. Um 1922 trennt sich Chaplin auch von seiner langjährigen Hauptdarstellerin Edna Purviance, für die er noch die Rolle von "A Woman of Paris" schreibt. Chaplin verbündet sich mit den anderen drei Grossen von Hollywood, und gemeinsam gründen Mary Pickford, David Wark Griffith, Douglas Fairbanks und Chaplin die "United Artists". Für diese Produktion sollte Chaplin fortan nur noch drehen, seine berühmten grossen Filme folgten "Gold Rush", "The Circus", "City Lights" und "Modern Times", nur noch vier Filme in zehn Jahren.

Ende der Dreissiger Jahre hatte ein anderer Zeitgenosse mit einem kleinen Oberlippenbart eine beängstigende Präsenz in der Weltgeschichte erhalten, und Chaplin rechnete zu einer Zeit, als die USA noch Geschäfte mit dem NS-Regime in Berlin machten, schonungslos mit dem Scharlatan und seinem südländischen Kumpanen in "The Great Dictator" ab. Der Unbequeme von Hollywood, nach seinen Scheidungen von seiner zweiten Frau Lita Grey und von Paulette Goddard längst zum Ziel der Moralapostel um W.R. Hearst geworden, heiratet 1943 Oona O'Neill, die Tochter des amerikanischen Dramatikers Eugene O'Neill. 1944/45 entsteht "Monsieur Verdoux", der Giftmörder von Paris, nicht ohne ironische Seitenhiebe auf das damalige Hollywood. Längst war Chaplins Leben und seine politische Einstellung auch Thema für das "Komitee zur Untersuchung von unamerikanischen Verhalten" geworden, und 1952 nach "Limelight", seinem letzten in Amerikan entstandenen Film, kehrt der Tramp der Neuen Welt endgültig den Rücken zu. Die Chaplins lassen sich in der Schweiz am Genfersee nieder. Die letzten grossen Filme folgen "A King in New York" und "A Countess of Hong Kong".


Chaplin hatte sich in seinen letzten Jahren der Pflege seiner Filme gewidmet, hatte Musiken geschrieben, die Filme umgeschnitten und viele der Filme nach Jahrzehnten in neuen Kopien wieder ins Kino gebracht. Eine Renaissance der Chaplin-Filme hatte eingesetzt. 1971 erhält Chaplin einen Ehrenoscar für sein Lebenswerk, seit 20 Jahren zum ersten Male wieder in Amerika. Am 4. März 1975 wurde "the Tramp" von der englischen Königin in den Adelsstand erhoben, zweieinhalb Jahre später stirbt der grosse Chaplin am Weihnachtsmorgen des Jahres 1977 in seinem Haus bei Vevey. (lhg)

Charles Chaplin Filmography [Auszug]
2008: [] Mary Pickford: The Muse of the Movies (Cast: Charles Chaplin), Directed by Nicholas Eliopoulos, with Mary Pickford, Charles 'Buddy' Rogers, Douglas Fairbanks,
2001: [] The Tramp and the Dictator (Cast: Charles Chaplin), Directed by Kevin Brownlow,
1986: [/ /1] Mauvais sang (Bad blood) (Composer), Directed by Léos Carax, with Denis Lavant, , Juliette Binoche,
1967: [/ /1] The funniest Man in the World (Cast), Directed by Vernon P. Baker, with Mabel Normand, Mary Pickford, Edna Purviance,
1965: [01.02] A countess from Hong Kong (Director), with Marlon Brando, Sydney Chaplin,
1963: [/ /1] MGM's big parade of Comedy (Cast), Directed by Robert Youngson, with Clark Gable, Greta Garbo,
1957: [09.12] A King in New York (Director), with Dawn Addams, Robert Arden, Maxine Audrey,
1952: [10.16] Limelight (Footlight (Working title)) (Director), with Claire Bloom, Buster Keaton,
1947: [04.11] Monsieur Verdoux (Director), with Irving Bacon, Marjorie Bennett,
1940: [10.15] The Great Dictator (Director), with Rudolph Anders, Henry Daniell,
1938: [] Charlie Chaplin Cavalcade (Director), with Edna Purviance, Albert Austin,
1936: [02.05] Modern Times (Director), with Paulette Goddard, Henry Bergman,
1931: [02.06] City Lights (Cast: Charlie), with Albert Austin, Henry Bergman,
1928: [11/29] Die Filmstadt Hollywood (Cast), Directed by Max Goldschmidt, with Conrad Veidt, Dolores Del Rio, Emil Jannings,
1928: [11.11] Show People (Cast: Fan), Directed by King Vidor, with Renée Adorée, George K. Arthur,
1928: [01.06] The Circus (Director), with Henry Bergman, Harry Crocker,
1926: [/ /1] The Woman of the sea (Sea Gulls, The Sea gull) (Producer), Directed by Josef von Sternberg, with Edna Purviance, Eve Southern, Charles K. French,
1926: [] Camille (The Fate of a Coquette) (Cast: Mike), Directed by Ralph Barton, with Anita Loos, Paul Robeson, Pauline Starke,
1925: [06.26] The Gold Rush (Goldrush) (Director), with Mack Swain, Tom Murray,
1923: [10.01] A Woman of Paris (Una Donna di Parigi) (Cast: Gepäckträger), with Edna Purviance, Jean de Limur, Nellie Bly Baker,
1923: [03.27] Souls for Sale (Cast: Cameo), Directed by Rupert Hughes, with Eleanor Boardman, Mae Busch, Barbara La Marr,
1923: [02.25] The pilgrim (Il pellegrino) (Director), with Kitty Bradbury, Edna Purviance,
1922: [04.02] Pay day (Director), with Phyllis Allen, Mack Swain,
1921: [09.25] The idle class (Vanity Fair, Charlot et la maschera di ferro) (Director), with Edna Purviance, Lita Grey,
1921: [03.06] The nut (Cast: Cameo /xx/), Directed by Theodore Reed, with Douglas Fairbanks, Marguerite de la Motte, William Lowery,
1921: [02.06] The kid (Het Jochie, The Waif (Working title), 6 reels of Joy) (Director), with Phyllis Allen, Albert Austin, Nellie Bly Baker,
1919: [12.07] A day's pleasure (Director), with Edna Purviance, Henry Bergman,
1919: [] Signing of United Artists Contract of Incorporation (Cast), Directed by Marshall Neilan, Roland H. Totheroh, with Mary Pickford, D.W. Griffith,
1919: [06.15] Sunnyside (Sunny Side) (Director), with Edna Purviance, Henry Bergman,
1918: [10.20] Shoulder arms (Gewehr über !) (Director), with Edna Purviance, Syd Chaplin,
1918: [09.29] The bond (Charlie Chaplin in a Liberty Loan Appeal (Working title)) (Director), with Edna Purviance, Syd Chaplin,
1918: [08.11] Triple trouble (Director), with Billy Armstrong, Bud Jamison,
1918: [04.14] A dog's life (Director), with , Henry Bergman,
1917: [10.23] The adventurer (Director), with Edna Purviance, Eric Campbell,
1917: [07.16] The immigrant (A modern Columbus, Broke, Hello U.S.A, The New World) (Director), with Eric Campbell, Edna Purviance,
1917: [04.16] The cure (The Water Cure) (Director), with Edna Purviance, Eric Campbell,
1917: [01.22] Easy street (La strada della paura) (Director), with Edna Purviance, Eric Campbell,
1916: [12.04] The rink (Director), with Edna Purviance, James T. Kelley,
1916: [11.13] Behind the screen (Director), with Eric Campbell, Frank J. Coleman,
1916: [10.02] The Pawnshop (Director), with Henry Bergman, Edna Purviance,
1916: [09.04] The Count (The phoney Nobleman) (Director), with Eric Campbell, Edna Purviance,
1916: [07.10] The vagabond (Director), with Edna Purviance, Eric Campbell,
1916: [06.12] The fireman (Director), with Eric Campbell, Edna Purviance,
1916: [05.27] Police (Director), with Billy Armstrong, Fred Goodwins,
1916: [05.15] The floorwalker (Director), with Edna Purviance, Eric Campbell,
1916: [04.22] A Burlesque on Carmen (Director), with Edna Purviance, Jack Henderson,
1915: [11.20] A night in the show (Director), with Edna Purviance, Bud Jamison,
1915: [10.04] Shanghaied (Charlie on the Ocean, Charlie the Sailor) (Director), with Wesley Ruggles, Edna Purviance,
1915: [08.16] The Bank (Director), with Edna Purviance, Billy Armstrong,
1915: [07.12] A Woman (Charlie the perfect lady) (Director), with Edna Purviance, Billy Armstrong,
1915: [06.21] Work (Director), with Edna Purviance, Charles Inslee,
1915: [05.07] His Regeneration (Cast: A Customer ), Directed by Gilbert M. 'Broncho Billy' Anderson, with Gilbert M. 'Broncho Billy' Anderson, Lee Willard, Marguerite Clayton,
1915: [04.29] By the sea (Director), with Billy Armstrong, Bud Jamison,
1915: [04.11] The tramp (Director), with Edna Purviance, Ernest Van Pelt,
1915: [04.01] A jitney elopement (Director), with Edna Purviance, Ernest Van Pelt,
1915: [03.18] In the park (Charlie in the Park, Charlie on the Spree) (Director), with Edna Purviance, Lloyd Bacon,
1915: [03.11] The champion (Director), with Edna Purviance, Gilbert M. 'Broncho Billy' Anderson,
1915: [02.15] A night out (Director), with , Edna Purviance,
1915: [02.01] His new job (Director), with Agnes Ayers, Charlotte Mineau,
1914: [12.07] His prehistoric past (Director), with Mack Swain, May Wallace,
1914: [11.14] Tillie's punctured romance (For the Love of Tillie, Marie's Millions, Tillie's Big Romance, Tillie's Nightmare) (Cast: The Stranger), Directed by Mack Sennett, with Marie Dressler, Mabel Normand,
1914: [11.09] His trysting place (Director), with Mabel Normand, Mack Swain,
1914: [11.07] His musical career (Director), with Mack Swain, Fritz Schade,
1914: [11.05] Getting acquainted (A Fair Exchange, Exchange Is No Robbery) (Director), with Phyllis Allen, Mack Swain,
1914: [10.29] Gentlemen of nerve (Director), with Mabel Normand, Chester Conklin,
1914: [10.26] Dough and dynamite (The New Cook) (Director), with Chester Conklin, Fritz Schade,
1914: [10.10] Those love pangs (Director), with Chester Conklin, Cecile Arnold,
1914: [09.24] The new janitor (Director), with John Francis Dillon, Al St. John,
1914: [09.07] The rounders (Director), with Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle, Phyllis Allen,
1914: [08.31] His new profession (Director), with Minta Durfee, Charley Chase,
1914: [08.27] The Masquerader (Putting One Over, The Female, The Female Impersonator, The Perfumed Lady, The Picnic) (Director), with Minta Durfee, Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle,
1914: [08.13] Recreation (Spring Fever) (Director), with Charles Bennett, Helen Carruthers,
1914: [08.10] The face on the barroom floor (Director), with Cecile Arnold, Jess Dandy,
1914: [08.01] The property man (Getting His Goat, The Rustabout, Charlie on the Boards, Hits of the Past, Props) (Director), with Phyllis Allen, Charles Bennett,
1914: [07.09] Laughing Gas (Down and Out, The Dentist, Busy Little Dentist, Laffing Gas, Tuning His Ivories) (Director), with Fritz Schade, Alice Howell,
1914: [07.05] A busy day (Cast: The Wife ), Directed by Mack Sennett, with Mack Swain, Phyllis Allen,
1914: [06.20] Mabel's married life (The Squarehead, When You're Married) (Scenario), Directed by Mack Sennett, with Mabel Normand, Mack Swain,
1914: [06.13] Mabel's busy day (Cast: Tipsy Nuisance ), Directed by Mack Sennett, Mabel Normand, with Mabel Normand, Dan Albert,
1914: [06.11] The knockout (Cast: Referee), Directed by Mack Sennett, with Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle, Minta Durfee,
1914: [06.04] Her friend the Bandit (Mabel's Flirtation, The Thief Catcher.) (Cast: Bandit), Directed by Mack Sennett, with Mabel Normand, Charles Murray,
1914: [06.01] The fatal Mallet (Hit Him Again, The Pile Driver, The Rival Suitors) (Director), Directed by Mack Sennett, Mabel Normand, with Mabel Normand, Mack Sennett,
1914: [05.04] Caught in the Rain (Vom Regen überrascht) (Director), with Mack Swain, Alice Davenport,
1914: [04.27] Caught in a Cabaret (Jazz Waite, Charlie the Waiter, Faking With Society, Prime Minister Charlie, Caught in the Cabaret) (Director), Directed by Mabel Normand, with Mabel Normand, Phyllis Allen,
1914: [04.20] Twenty minutes of love (Cast: Pickpocket ), Directed by Joseph Maddern, with Minta Durfee, Chester Conklin,
1914: [04.18] Mabel at the wheel (Cast: Villain), Directed by Mabel Normand, Mack Sennett, with Mabel Normand, Harry McCoy,
1914: [04.04] The star boarder (Cast: The Star Boarder), Directed by George Nichols, with Minta Durfee, Edgar Kennedy,
1914: [03.26] Cruel, cruel love (Cast: Lord Helpus / Mr. Dovey ), Directed by George Nichols, Mack Sennett, with Edgar Kennedy, Minta Durfee,
1914: [03.16] His favorite pastime (Cast: Drunken Masher ), Directed by George Nichols, with Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle, Peggy Pearce,
1914: [03.09] Tango tangle (Cast: Tipsy Dancer ), Directed by Mack Sennett, with Ford Sterling, Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle,
1914: [03.02] A Film Johnnie (Charlie at the Studio, Million Dollar Job, Movie Nut, Charlie the Actor) (Cast: The Film Johnnie), Directed by Mack Sennett, George Nichols, with Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle, Peggy Pearce,
1914: [02.28] Between showers (Cast: Masher), Directed by Henry Lehrman, with Ford Sterling, Chester Conklin,
1914: [02.19] A Thief Catcher (Cast: a cop ), Directed by Ford Sterling, with Ford Sterling, Mack Swain, Edgar Kennedy,
1914: [02.09] Mabel's strange predicament (Hotel Mixup, Pajamas (Working title)) (Cast: Drunk), Directed by Mabel Normand, with Mabel Normand, Chester Conklin,
1914: [02.07] Kid auto race at Venice (Cast: The Tramp), Directed by Henry Lehrman, Reed Heustis, with Henry Lehrman, Frank D. Williams,
1914: [02.02] Making a Living (Cast: Dandy), Directed by Henry Lehrman, with Minta Durfee, Alice Davenport,
0: [08.07] One A.M. (Director), with Albert Austin,

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Filmography Charles Chaplin nach Kategorien

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